YOUR
BABY’S
EARLY YEARS
GROWTH
Vaccine : Common Concern
Many parents and caregivers have concerns about vaccines. Some are scared that vaccines will harm their child. Others are not sure whether their child really needs all the vaccines being given. Parents may also feel confused by online information and comments on social media. But the risks associated with the vaccines children receive are much, much less than the risks associated with the diseases themselves.
Do vaccines really work?
Vaccines protect children who are immunized, and people close to them– like newborn babies too young to be vaccinated or others whose immune systems don’t work as well – by preventing the spread of disease.
Can vaccines wear out my child’s immune system?
Are vaccines properly tested for safety?
Vaccines are safe & effective. Like all medicines, vaccines must go through many steps before Health Authorities approves them for use. Vaccines must prove to be safe and effective at preventing the diseases they target. Once a vaccine is in use, health Authorities continue to monitor for side effects. Serious side effects to vaccines are very rare.
Do vaccines have side effects?
The chance of getting sick from a vaccine-preventable disease is far greater than the very small risk of having a serious side effect from the vaccine itself.
- Some children will have mild pain and redness – sometimes with a bit of swelling – where the needle went into the arm or leg. If necessary, acetaminophen (such as Tylenol, Tempra, Panadol and others) will help ease the pain.
- A mild fever is common after vaccination. A high fever can happen in young infants, especially after the first dose of a vaccine. In a few cases, fever may cause a febrile seizure. Febrile seizures are NOT dangerous and don’t cause any brain damage. They happen more often in children whose parents or siblings have also had febrile seizures. They are also more likely to happen in children who already have epilepsy or a brain disorder.
- Fever combined with a rash may happen after the MMR, MMRV or Varicella (Chicken Pox) vaccine.
- Anxiety about needles may cause fainting, especially in older children and teens.
Other side effects, including serious allergic reactions, are very rare. Children who have had a serious allergic reaction to a previous dose of vaccine (swelling of the face or lips, difficulty breathing or a drop in blood pressure) should not get that vaccine again unless seen by a specialist or vaccinated in a special clinic that can control severe reactions.
Can measles vaccine or measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine cause autism or other developmental disorders?
Much of the controversy over the MMR vaccine and autism came from a paper published in 1998 that suggested a link. But since then, the report has been found to be fraudulent and was withdrawn by the journal that published it. Many large scientific studies around the world have found no link between the MMR vaccine and autism.
Also, there is no evidence to link any other vaccines to autism. The number of children with autism seems to have increased in recent years. This is because the diagnosis of autism now includes children with milder symptoms who would not have been included in the past. There is also greater public awareness of autism, and more parents are seeking help. Scientists recently found a gene linked to autism.
Can the pertussis (“whooping cough”) vaccine cause brain damage? SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome)?
No. Many large studies have found no link between vaccines and SIDS. In fact, some studies found that babies who died of SIDS were less likely to have been recently vaccinated than babies who did not die.
Can vaccines cause type 1 diabetes? asthma and other kinds of allergic disease or cancer?
No. Studies show that vaccination does not increase the number of asthma cases and other allergic diseases in children.
No. There is no evidence of a link between vaccines and cancer. In fact, two vaccines protect against cancer. Hepatitis B vaccine protects against cancer of the liver, and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine protects against cancer of the cervix and some other genital cancers.
Can vaccines cause Crohn’s disease or colitis? multiple sclerosis (MS)?
There is no evidence that vaccines cause MS or even flare-ups in a person with MS. In particular, hepatitis B and influenza (flu) vaccines have been shown to have no effect on symptoms or on the speed that symptoms progress in patients with MS. But, seasonal flu infections have been linked with flare-ups of MS.
Can vaccines cause infections?
Live vaccines may cause disease in people with conditions that prevent their immune system from working. These people should not be given these vaccines.